Rifle & Carbine Marksmanship

TC 3-22.9

Feeding, Chambering, Locking, Firing, Unlocking, Extracting, Ejecting, and Cocking.

The soldier

Selector on safe, No magazine, chamber is empty.

Selector on safe, Magazine in, chamber is empty.

Selector on safe, Magazine in, chamber is loaded.

Selector on Fire, Magazine in, chamber is loaded.

25 meters

The 12 to 18 inch spherical area near the soldier's chin where the majority of weapon manipulations take place.

Semi aka semi automatic, Automatic, and Burst.

Preliminary Marksmanship Instruction

4 centimeters

Simple and rapid action taken to clear a stoppage without diagnosing what caused it.

Deliberate actions taken once immediate action fails to diagnose and correct what caused the stoppage.

Breathing, trigger squeeze, steady position, and proper sight picture.

The process of seeing, identifying, and engaging the enemy/enemies.

The natural, unavoidable slight movement of your sights.

By creating a stable firing position, breath control, muscle relaxation, and proper grip.

The placement of the aligned sights on the target.

Trigger control.

Breathing control.

When the barrel is hot enough to cause a round to ignite on it's own.

On the front sight.

300 meters.

Grouping.

Immediate action to clear the round from the weapon. Rack the charging handle, tap the forward assist, and reassess by squeezing the trigger.

The cone of sight where the soldier is in charge of monitoring.

When either a feeding cartridge or an expended cartridge case is pushed sideways and lodges itself between the face of the bolt and the ejection port.

When a round is chambered and not fired and a subsequent round is being fed.

1 60th of a degree. It is used to measure adjustments in aim for the purposes of zeroing.

Approximately 1 inch.

Approximately 6 inches.

500 meters

600 meters

Zeroing is aligning the sight of the weapon with the weapon’s barrel.

Firing tight shot groups and placing those groups in the same location. Required before making accurate zeroing adjustments.

Live fire exercise

Back Up Iron Sights. To be used if the primary optic fails.

Any failure of a weapon to complete its cycle of operation.

SPORTS

Slap, pull, observe, release, tap, squeeze

Slap the magazine, pull the charging handle, observe the ejection of a round or cartridge, release the charging handle without riding it forward, tap the forward assist, squeeze the trigger.

Slap, rack, reassess. Slap the magazine, rack the charging handle, and refire.

Detection, Identification, and Prioritization.

Seeing and realizing a potential target.

Processing whether the potential target is a threat, a friend, or a non-combatant.

Determining which threats are the most dangerous and who you should shoot first.

The desired location of the strike of the round to achieve the desired outcome.

The relationship between the aiming device and the firer’s eye.

How quickly the wind is moving.

The direction the wind is blowing.

The amount of effect the wind speed and direction will have on the projectile.

300 meters

Friend, Foe, and Noncombatant.

The location where you want to round to hit.

The location where you aim. In an experienced shooter, it starts with the desired point of impact, and changed based on distance, wind speed, and other holds.

The point where the barrel naturally orients when the shooter’s muscles are relaxed and support is achieved.

When the bolt fails to push a new cartridge out of the magazine during feeding or chambering, causing the bolt to ride on top of the cartridge.

Point the weapon in a safe direction, drop the magazine, and rack the charging handle to clear the chambered round. Allow the barrel to cool.

Reduce weapon signature and reduce barrel lift.

Overmatch is the Soldier applying their learned skills, employing their equipment, leveraging technology, and applying the proper force to create an unfair fight in favor of the Soldier.

Night vision uses infrared light, which humans can't see, to illuminate objects. Thermal imaging detects heat signatures.

Laser Marksmanship Training System

Engagement Skills Trainer 2000

To group and zero faster, and give additional training and familiarization with the weapon.

The m4 is a 5.56 millimeter, magazine fed, shoulder fired, gas operated, air cooled carbine.

7.5 Lbs

3600 meters

2,970 feet per second

Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight

Failure to feed, failure to fire, failure to extract, and failure to eject.

An eye-safe laser that is used to boresight optics, iron sights, and aiming lasers.

The air resistance that slows a bullet down.

Shoot accurately.

Grasp case and attempt to remove, cycle weapon and attempt to fire. If this fails, pull charging handle to the rear while holding case.

Remove the magazine, clear the weapon, confirm the chamber area is clear, secure a new loaded magazine into the magazine well, and chamber and lock a round.

Remove magazine. Pull charging handle as far rearward as possible. Strike charging handle forward. If this fails, pull charging handle to the rear a second time, use tool or finger to hold the bolt to the rear, sharply send charging handle forward.

Near before far, frontal before flank, and stationary before moving.

Pre-shot, shot, and post-shot.

Infrared

Hang, safe hang, collapsed low ready, low ready, high ready, and ready.

If a human appears wider than the front sight post, they are closer than 300 meters. If they are smaller than the front sight post, they are farther away than 300 meters.

When the soldier needs to use their hands for other activities and no threat is present.

When no immediate threat is present and the hands are not necessary.

When a greater degree of muzzle control and readiness to respond to threats or weapon retention is necessary.

When contact with threats is likely and an increased field of view is necessary.

When contact with threats is likely and you must avoid flagging friendlies, or the threat is overhead.

When contact is imminent, and direction of the target is known/easily predictable.

Coaching

The shooter-gun angle